Healthcare

There are many different public healthcare services available in the UK. So, it is important for you to be able to find the right service for your needs. In England, Wales and Scotland, the National Health Service (NHS) provides healthcare services. In Northern Ireland, Health and Social Care (HSC) provides both healthcare and social care services. These services are mostly free.

The most important things

The 3 services

The 1 task

Who is eligible for free healthcare service?

Primary healthcare

Services that are free to all

Secondary healthcare

Finding the right service

Different NHS / HSC services

Other services

Disclaimer:

This webpage contains general information about medical conditions and means to access treatments for informational purposes only. The information is not medical advice, and should not be taken as professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. If you think you may have a medical emergency, call 999. If you have urgent medical need, call 111 or visit 111.nhs.uk. (Note: NHS111 service is not available in Northern Ireland.)

The most important things

Before everything else, there are 3 services to remember and 1 task to do, after you arrived in the UK.  You can use these three services even if you have not yet registered with a GP.

THE 3 SERVICES

For urgent but non-fatal health issues

For urgent but non-fatal health issues

111

  • Call 111 on any phone, or go to NHS 111 web service

  • You can also call 111 if you are unsure about what to do

  • You can ask for a translator

See: When to use 111?

Note: NHS111 service is not available in Northern Ireland.

For life-threatening emergencies only

999

A&E 

See: When to go to A&E?

THE 1 TASK:

Registering for a GP

The first place to go for healthcare in the UK is your local GP surgery. GPs are doctors who work in local medical centres called surgeries. You can visit a GP when you have general health issues, or require more specialist help or referral to other NHS services.

GP surgeries in the UK: 

  • provide help in all aspects of general medicine e.g. child health, adult medicine and mental health;

  • can arrange for you a referral to specialist if you need specialist help. You may have to wait for 2 weeks (and often longer) for the referral appointment letter. After receiving the letter, you can call the number on the letter and request an interpreter if you need one;

  • provide other services such as care for pregnant women and their unborn children, vaccinations, contraception, health and diet advice, and clinics for long-term conditions like diabetes. 


How to Register with a GP surgery

In order to use these services, you need to register with a GP surgery in advance. You will need: 

  • proof of your identity with your name and your date of birth,

  • and proof of address

To register: 

Step 1: Find your nearest GP surgery in: England, Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland


Step 2: Click on the GP surgeries’ websites. The GP surgeries will list whether they are accepting new patients. They will also provide detailed instructions on how to register as their patients. You can go over the website with an English-speaking friend.

Step 3: Follow the steps. You will have to register your family members one-by-one, and fill in separate forms to give details of medical histories for each family member. 

If you need help registering for a GP surgery, you can get in touch with: 

  • Due to shortage of GP surgery vacancies in the UK, finding a local GP surgery that can accept new registrations may take some time. Therefore, you should register with a GP as soon as possible. Please do not wait till you feel unwell.

    If you need non-emergency healthcare support right now, but have not yet registered with a GP surgery, you can visit your nearest walk-in centre.

Making GP appointments

GP surgeries are generally open Monday to Friday between 8.30 am and 6 pm. Some are also open on Saturdays. Visiting a GP surgery is usually free, but you will have to make an appointment in advance. On your GP surgery’s website, they will provide you with phone numbers, email addresses, or online forms that you can use to make an appointment. You can also go to the surgery’s reception to make an appointment in person. 

If you are calling to make an appointment, the receptionist will ask for your name, date of birth, and/or postcode to check if you are registered with the GP. They may also ask for additional information like your symptoms, and if you have been taking treatments for the condition. Try asking for a friend to help you with the phone call if you are not certain about speaking in English on the phone.

How to get an interpreter

If you need an interpreter you must tell the receptionist when you make the appointment. They will book an interpreter for you or get an interpreter on the phone for your appointment. Normally they cannot arrange an interpreter if you didn’t ask for one in advance. It is important that you and the doctor understand each other so that he/she can make an accurate diagnosis of your problem. You will not be charged if you require an interpreter. Everything discussed in the consultation is confidential including anything discussed in the presence of an interpreter.

Find out more about registering with a GP in: England, Wales, Scotland. Northern Ireland

For information about registering with a GP and other general medical information in various languages, visit Translated health information for patients.

  • 1. You can ask for a translator for your appointment.

    2. You can ask for a male or a female GP, and the surgery will try to accommodate this unless it is an emergency.

    3. GP appointments normally last 10 minutes for each person. If more than one family member needs to speak to the GP, you will need to make an appointment for each person.

Finding the right service

Sometimes people complain about the waiting time for healthcare services in the UK, which is, unfortunately, very true. But there are ways to get the help we need quicker, by finding and using the right services: 


DIFFERENT NHS/HSC SERVICES

Not sure

If you are not sure about which health service you should use

Call 111 or NHS 111 (website)
Note:
Not available in Northern Ireland

Minor health issues

Minor injuries (like bruises, sprains, or grazes), coughs and colds. Simple painkillers, cough remedies, and first aid kits can be bought from supermarkets and stores

Self-care at home

Minor illnesses, headaches, stomach upsets, bites and stings

Pharmacy: local expert advice

Persistent symptoms, chronic pain

GP surgeries: long term conditions, new prescriptions - If the surgery is closed, call 111

Breaks and sprains, x-rays, cuts and grazes, fever and rashes

UTCs (urgent treatment centres) or MIUs (minor injury units) - Find the nearest UTCs / MIUs in England, Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland

Feeling unwell, needing help (but not in immediate danger or a life-threatening emergency)

Call 111- you can ask for a translator operators will help you

Life-threatening emergencies

Choking, breathing difficulties, chest pain, black out, serious blood loss

999 or A&E: Emergencies only - You may be able to get an ambulance to come to your location if needed. Some hospitals also have an A&E department that you can go to without an appointment. This is free of charge but should only be used in life-threatening situations.

  • Depending on local demands, sometimes you may have to wait for a few days before you can see your GP. So, for minor issues you can first visit your local pharmacy to see if they can help you. Pharmacists can suggest medicine that does not need a prescription to obtain. They are also knowledgeable on treatments for common conditions like winter itch (when one’s skin gets itchy during winter times) or winter ailments (such as colds, sore throat, cough, etc).

    You can go to the pharmacy with a list of your symptoms and see what the pharmacist recommends for you for self-care. Local pharmacies usually do not have translation services. You can download Google translate (iOS / Android) on your mobile to translate your symptoms and communicate with the pharmacist, or ask a friend to translate your list of symptoms for you before heading to the pharmacy.

  • Misusing A&E services will cost you more time. The waiting time for patients in A&E is 4 hours. And if your situation is not urgent, your wait will be much longer than 4 hours. In some cases, you may even be sent back home to wait for a GP referral if the doctor or the nurse feel that your situation is not a serious accident or emergency.

OTHER SERVICES

Walk-in centres

When you cannot access a GP’s service, you can go to a NHS walk-in centre instead. Walk-in centres tend to open for longer hours than GP surgeries, and they are open also on weekends. You can consider going to a walk-in centre when: 

  • It is outside of your GP surgery’s opening hours;

  • you haven’t booked an appointment, or you need a same-day appointment (which most GP surgeries will not be able to accommodate);

  • you have not yet registered with a GP surgery

A walk-in centre can offer very similar support to those of a GP surgery. But they are not for treating long-term conditions or life-threatening emergencies. Be prepared to wait for several hours to be seen, as they usually operate on a first-come-first-serve basis. 

Find a walk-in centre near you in: 

Dentists

There are NHS / HSC dentists in most towns, but places are limited and you may be asked to pay for treatment and checkups. 

Find a NHS / HSC dentist in: 

If you need dental treatment in an emergency but you have not yet registered with a dentist, you can call NHS 111 for advice. 

Who is eligible for free healthcare service?

PRIMARY HEALTHCARE

In the NHS / HSC, general (primary) healthcare services are provided by local GPs (General Practitioners, or commonly referred to as doctors) and nurses through consultations. Consultations are free of charge to anyone who registered with GPs as NHS / HSC patients, or accessing the service as temporary patients (those who live in an area from 24 hours to 3 months). 

SERVICES THAT ARE FREE TO ALL

A&E departments, walk in centre, minor injury units / urgent treatment centres (which do not further include emergency services provided to you after you are admitted as an inpatient);

  • services provided for diagnosis and treatment of some communicable disease, sexually transmitted infections and COVID;

  • services that are part of the NHS111 hotline.

SECONDARY HEALTHCARE

If you need to access free specialist treatments and support (secondary healthcare services), you must either be an ordinarily resident of the UK, or you must have the immigration status of “indefinite leave to remain” if you are from outside the European Economic Area. (If you are from European Union countries, find out more about the post-Brexit arrangements here.) If not, you may be required to pay for your healthcare.


But you may be exempt from charges if you are: 

  • refugees and their dependents;

  • asylum seekers and their dependents;

  • if you have a rejected asylum application, but you are being supported under section 4(2) of the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999, or by a local council under section 21 of the National Assistance Act 1948, or under Part 1 (care and support) of the Care Act 2014;

  • If you are being supported under section 95 of the Immgiration and Asylum Act 1999; or

  • If you are a victim (or suspected victim) of modern slavery or human trafficking as determined by UK Human Trafficking Centre or the Home Office. And your spouse or civil partner, and any children under 18, provided that all are lawfully present in the UK; 

  • prisoners and immigration detainees.

And: 

Here you can find a comprehensive guide of what services are available to people with different statuses, as well as multilingual support materials on how to access different NHS services. 

 We hope this website is helpful to you as you settle in the UK. But there is no substitute for having a local friend to make you feel welcome.